NCERT Class 8 English Grammar Subject and Predicate
NCERT Class 8 English Grammar Subject and Predicate: A sentence that we use while talking and writing in our daily life must always have a subject and a predicate. And the subject appears first.
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Subject- The Subject in the sentence is the person, place, or thing that is doing the activity described in the sentence.
Predicate- The part of a sentence, phrase, or clause that specifies the subject’s state or action is known as the predicate.
The predicate, to put it simply, describes what the subject does or acts.
Below are simple Examples to understand-
1.) Sidharth went tuitions after returning from college.
Here, Subject – Siddharth.
Predicate – went tuitions after returning from college.
2) Shalini is doing exercise.
Here, Subject – Shalini
Predicate – is doing exercise.
3) Ram is a teacher by profession.
Here, Subject – Ram
Predicate – is a teacher by profession.
4) Sahil is reading a comic book.
Here, Subject – Sahil
Predicate-is reading a comic book.
5) The King of Rajasthan had 3 sons and 1 daughter.
Here, Subject – The King
Predicate – of Rajasthan had 3 sons and 1 daughter.
We will discuss the subject and predicate in more detail.
Types of Subjects-
Types | Meaning | Example |
Simple subject | The portion of the sentence which has only Subject | Preeti was wearing a blue dress
The old white box was under the table.
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Complete Subject | The portion of the sentence which has only Subject + Modifier | My best friend Chitra has two children.
Here, Chitra is a simple subject whereas My best friend Chitra is a complete subject.
The old man took a pause and then started singing.
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Compound Subject | The portion of the sentence which has two or more subjects that are joined with the help of a conjunction or semicolon. | Comics and fiction are my favorite types of books.
My wife and I can not attend the party. I like coffee, and Sahil likes tea. Both Mumbai and Pune are in Maharashtra.
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Types of Predicate
Types | Meaning | Example |
Simple Predicate | The portion of the sentence has only a verb | The old white box was under the table.
Here, predicate- Was and not “was under the table”.
He was walking slowly yesterday. Here, Predicate –was walking
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Complete Predicate | The portion of sentence that has verb + modifier | The old white box was under the table.
Here, Predicate– was under the table.
He was walking slowly yesterday. Here, Predicate –was walking slowly yesterday.
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Compound Predicate |
The portion of the sentence has two or more verbs with conjunction. |
Sahil lives in India and speaks German, Japanese, and English Here, lives and speaks – both are compound predicates.
They asked us to wait outside and went inside. Here, Conjunction- and Predicate 1- asked us to wait Predicate 2- went inside.
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Order of Subject and Predicate-
Case 1
Generally Subject comes before the predicate.
Example- Sahil is playing guitar.
Subject- Sahil
Predicate- is playing guitar.
Case 2- A simple sentence has only one subject and one predicate.
Example- Ram laughs.
Sheela goes.
In this above sentence, the verb is intransitive, which means the object is not required to act upon.
When the verb is transitive, the verb + object is required to make a predicate.
Example-
Meera is learning the Kathak dance.
Here, Meera – Subject, is learning – Finite verb, Kathak dance -Object.
Case 3-
In exclamatory sentences, Subject appears after the predicate.
How yummy the pizza is!
Here, The Pizza is the subject
Case 4
In interrogative sentences, the subject generally appears after a predicate part.
Are you going to the market to shop for vegetables?
Here, you – is the Subject.
Case 5-
In Imperative sentences, subjects are generally removed from the sentences.
Example-
Thank you rather than I thank you.
Shoot rather than You shoot
Go now rather than you can go now.
Case 6– Subject with enlargements
The term or phrase that modifies the subject.
Example-
Sheela’s sister is Nurse. (Subject Enlargement)
Subject-Sheela’s sister
Subject word- Sister
Enlargement – Sheela’s
Case 7- Predicate with enlargement
The word or phrase that modifies the predicate.
Example- Sahil was walking slowly. (Predicate Enlargement)
Geeta fell into the river. (Predicate Enlargement)
Case 8- Object with Enlargement
The word or phrase that modifies the object or gives meaning to the object.
Example- Sahil is sitting beside Geeta. (Object Enlargement)
This is a comfortable chair. (Object Enlargement)
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