NCERT Class 10 Geography Sixth Chapter Manufacturing Industries Solution
NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Solution: Dear students Here in this post we are posted Sixth Chapter Manufacturing Industries full exercise questions & answer by our arts teacher. This Solution is helpful for CBSE English medium students. Download this 6th Chapter Geography solution & prepare your homework.
(1.) Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material
A:- (b) Cement
(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?
A:- b) SAIL
(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
A:- (a) Aluminium Smelting
(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc.
A:- (b) Electronic
(2 .)
(i) What is manufacturing?
A:- Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.
(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
A:- Three physical factors for the location of the industry are availability of raw material, land , maeket etc.
(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
A:- Three human factors for the location of an industry are labour capital power.
(iv) What are basic industries? Give an example.
A:- basic industries are the industries which supply their products as raw materials to the industries which manufacture other goods . for example iron and steel industries provide iron and steel to other industries as the raw material to manufacture engineering goods vehicles etc.
(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
A:- limestone silica gypsum are important raw materials used in manufacturing of cement .
(3)
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to arise in the production capacity?
A:- integrated steel plants are large and handle everything in one complex – from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling nd shaping. Mini steel plants are smaller have electric furnaces use steel material furnaces use steel scrap and sponge iron. They have re rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
The challenges faced by the steel industry are : high cost and limited availability of coking coal, lower productivity of labour, irregular supply of energy , poor infrastructure. Recent development such as liberalization and foreign direct investment have given a boost to the industry with the efforts of private entrepreneurs.
(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
A:- . Industries are responsible for four types of pollution: (a) Air (b) Water (c)Land (d) Noise. The polluting industries also include thermal power plants.
Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Airborne particulate materials contain both solid and liquid particles like dust, sprays mist and smoke. Smoke is emitted by chemical factories s that ignore pollution norms.
Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and affluents discharged into rivers. The main culprits in this regard are paper, pulp, chemical, textile and dyeing, petroleum refineries.
Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into rivers and ponds before cooling. Wastes from nuclear power plants, nuclear and weapon production facilities cause cancers, birth defects and miscarriages. Soil and water pollution are closely related.
Noise pollution not only results in irritation and anger, it can also cause hearing impairment, increased heart rate and blood pressure among other physiological effects. Unwanted sound is an irritant and a source of stress.
(iii) Discuss the industry?steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industries ?
A:- The steps that can be taken to minimize degradation by industries are –
a.) Adopting the latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment to improve energy efficiency.
b.) minimising use water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages
c.) harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements
d.) treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds. Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases
e.) Primary treatment by mechanical means. This involves screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation.
f.) Secondary treatment by biological process
g.) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes. This involves recycling of wastewater.