Maharashtra Board Class 11 Psychology Solution Chapter 2 – Branches of Psychology
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 11 Psychology Solution Chapter 2: Branches of Psychology. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 11 get here Branches of Psychology full Exercise Solution.
Std |
Maharashtra Class 11 |
Subject |
Psychology |
Chapter |
2 |
Chapter name |
Branches of Psychology |
1. (A) Complete the following statements
1.)The branches of Psychology that explore relationships among different variables and human behaviour are known as ___________ Psychology.
a.) Theoretical
b.) Applied
c.) Common
Answer:
a.) Theoretical
2.)The study of human behaviour at the workplace is the concern of ___________ Psychology.
a.) Social
b.) Industrial
c.) Experimental
Answer:
b. Industrial
3.) One can study the problems of adolescence in ___________
a.) Developmental
b.) Social
c.) Cognitive
Answer:
a.) Developmental
4.) ___________ Psychology is concerned with diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
a.) Counselling
b.) Cognitive
c.) Clinical
Answer:
c.) Clinical
(B) Identify the odd item from the following
1.)Experimental Psychology, Social Psychology, Industrial Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
Answer:
Industrial Psychology
2.) Clinical psychology, Industrial Psychology, Sports Psychology, Abnormal Psychology
Answer:
Abnormal Psychology
(C) Match the following pairs.
A | B |
1. Developmental Psychology | a) Studies organisations, human factor design, and employee training |
2. Criminal Psychology | b) Studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
3. Educational Psychology | c) Studies thinking process |
4. Industrial Psychology | d) Helps educators to promote learning |
5. Social Psychology | e) Studies criminal behaviour |
6. Cognitive Psychology | f) Studies the influence of other people upon an individual’s behaviour |
Answer:
A | B |
1. Developmental Psychology | b) Studies how people become who they are from conception to death |
2. Criminal Psychology | e) Studies criminal behaviour |
3. Educational Psychology | d) Helps educators to promote learning |
4. Industrial Psychology | a) Studies organisations, human factor design, and employee training |
5. Social Psychology | f) Studies the influence of other people upon an individual’s behaviour |
6. Cognitive Psychology | c) Studies thinking process |
2. Compare and contrast
1.) Theoretical and Applied branches of psychology.
Answer:
Psychology’s theoretical subfields are primarily concerned with doing research, creating guiding principles, creating hypotheses, and building rules to account for human behaviour. There are several subfields of psychology as a theoretical science. Theoretical psychology study produces information and ideas that are utilised to create approaches for practical problem-solving and to assist people in adjusting to everyday settings.Application of psychology
The objectives of description, explanation, and behaviour prediction are the main emphasis of theoretical psychology, which is also concerned with information gathering and formulating guiding principles. It illustrates how psychology is a social science that focuses on the analysis of behaviour and thought. The fourth purpose of psychology—to regulate, influence, or modify behavior—is the main emphasis of applied fields of psychology. It has utilised theoretical psychology studies to improve people’s psychological well-being.
2.) Abnormal psychology and Clinical Psychology
Answer:
Abnormal psychology is a subfield of theoretical psychology that focuses on determining the reasons behind any behaviour that differs from what is seen as “normal” or “acceptable.” For example, sadness, phobias, mood disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, and other aberrant patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaviour are studied.
In clinical psychology, major emotional, psychological, and behavioural problems such drug addiction, delinquency, and depression are studied, diagnosed, and treated.
Clinical psychologists lack a medical background. With the use of methods like psychological tests, interviews, case studies, etc., they gather thorough data on a client. For the client’s problem-solving assistance, they employ psychotherapeutic techniques. They are employed by clinics, hospitals, etc.
3. Write Short Notes
1.) Clinical Psychology
Answer:
Clinical psychology focuses on understanding, diagnosing, and treating emotional and behavioural issues such as psychological disorders, relationships and familial conflict, substance abuse, major depression, alcoholism, criminal conduct, etc. Clinical psychologists interview clients and their significant others, such as family and friends, in order to get extensive information about the client for the aim of diagnosis.
To assist the client deal with his issue, they employ the proper psychotherapy.
Clinical psychologists might choose to work in private practise or in hospitals and community health centres. This is psychology’s most expansive subfield.
2.) Cognitive Psychology
Answer:
Higher-order mental functions including thinking, reasoning, and decision-making are the focus of cognitive psychology. It is focused with the investigation of thinking, memory, problem-solving, perception, language development, and attention. How does memory disruption arise might be one of the study issues in this area. What varieties of learning problems and learning styles are there? Why do they occur? What causes difficulty speaking? How does the system for making decisions operate? etc.
3.) Developmental psychology
Answer:
Developmental psychology investigates behavioural modifications from conception to death.
The objective of developmental psychology is to understand how and why people evolve throughout their lives. It seeks to clarify how thought, mood, and conduct alter as we age. An area of research for developmental psychology might be a particular stage of life, such childhood, adolescence, adulthood, or old age.
The three main dimensions of physical development, cognitive development, and social development are all examined in this discipline.
4.) Industrial Psychology
Answer:
Industrial psychology looks at how employees behave when they are employed by a company.
They are crucial in employee placement and selection as well as in work satisfaction, motivation, and assessments and complaints. They contribute to the improvement of staff leadership, group cohesion, and motivation.
customer psychology, a subfield of industrial psychology, examines customer behaviour, the quality of goods, commitment to a brand, and how advertisements affect consumer decisions.
4.) Suggest appropriate branch of psychology related to the following situations
1.) A husband and wife do not understand each other so they keep fighting.
Answer:
Counselling Psychology
2.) My friend’s father lost his job and he is in depression
Answer:
Clinical Psychology
3.) A 5th standard student is unable to concentrate
Answer:
Educational Psychology
4.) I want to study the process of thinking and learning.
Answer:
Cognitive Psychology
5.) I want proper information about attitude, prejudice or conflicts in a group.
Answers:
Social Psychology
5. Answer the following questions in detail.
1.) Explain any five theoretical branches of Psychology.
Answer:
Psychology as a theoretical science includes many areas of specialization. Psychologists working in theoretical fields focus mainly on conducting research and formulating theories. Basic focus is on developing principles and establishing laws to explain human behaviour.
1.) Developmental psychology
Developmental psychology investigates behavioural modifications from conception to death.
The objective of developmental psychology is to understand how and why people evolve throughout their lives. It seeks to clarify how thought, mood, and conduct alter as we age. An area of research for developmental psychology might be a particular stage of life, such childhood, adolescence, adulthood, or old age.
The three main dimensions of physical development, cognitive development, and social development are all examined in this discipline.
2.) Social Psychology
We connect with others on a number of levels and in a variety of contexts during a large portion of our life. The field of social psychology examines how people affect and are impacted by others. According to Myers, social psychology is the field of research that examines how people’s actions affects them.
Understanding how people are impacted by others is the main goal of social psychology. Social psychology looks at things like interpersonal relationships, collective cooperation or conflict, attitudes, bias, and a person’s friendliness or leadership abilities.
3). Cognitive Psychology
Higher-order mental functions including thinking, reasoning, and decision-making are the focus of cognitive psychology. It is focused with the investigation of thinking, memory, problem-solving, perception, language development, and attention. How does memory disruption arise might be one of the study issues in this area. What varieties of learning problems and learning styles are there? Why do they occur? What causes difficulty speaking? How does the system for making decisions operate? etc.
4.) Experimental Psychology
The goal of the experimental psychologist is to comprehend the underlying reasons of behaviour. To better understand how humans respond to sensory inputs and interpret the environment, scientists undertake tests. Experimental psychology looks at how individuals think, remember, reason, and feel. It addresses issues with sensing, seeing, learning, and remembering. In this area, laboratory experimentation is the preferred technique of inquiry.
5.) Abnormal Psychology
The area of psychology known as “abnormal psychology” is concerned with examining anomalous patterns of thought, feeling, and action. It tries to research the variables and reasons that result in aberrant responses. For instance, excessive suspicion, severe mood swings, seeing unreal objects or events, mental slowness, and overwhelming fear of things, animals, or situations, among other symptoms.
2.) Describe any five applied branches of Psychology.
Answer:
Theoretical Psychology study has produced information and ideas that are utilised to create solutions for resolving people’s real-world issues. By utilising several aspects of applied psychology, psychologists are putting their knowledge into action to assist.
1.) Education psychology
All aspects of education are examined and researched in the discipline of educational psychology. It aims to make the teaching and learning processes more effective. The duties of an educational psychologist include creating efficient teaching and learning techniques, creating intervention programmes for children with special needs, creating personality development programmes, creating pertinent curriculum, etc.
The general issues with the teaching and learning process are also addressed. It focuses on the learning challenges faced by slow learners, gifted children, and typical kids. They work to create intervention programmes that foster motivation, productive study habits, and a better learning environment in the classroom.
2.) Clinical Psychology
Clinical psychology focuses on understanding, diagnosing, and treating emotional and behavioural issues such as psychological disorders, relationships and familial conflict, substance abuse, major depression, alcoholism, criminal conduct, etc. Clinical psychologists interview clients and their significant others, such as family and friends, in order to get extensive information about the client for the aim of diagnosis.
To assist the client deal with his issue, they employ the proper psychotherapy.
Clinical psychologists might choose to work in private practise or in hospitals and community health centres. This is psychology’s most expansive subfield.
3.) Counselling Psychology
Despite the fact that counselling psychologists deal with fewer severe behavioural issues, this branch of psychology is related to clinical psychology.
They provide advice on how to deal with problems adjusting that one may encounter. Guidance on careers and employment will be provided by counselling psychologists. A person may have troubles or challenges in their education, in their personal lives, or in their jobs. These are some of the concerns that counselling psychologists deal with.
4.) Industrial psychology
Industrial psychology looks at how employees behave when they are employed by a company.
They are crucial in employee placement and selection as well as in work satisfaction, motivation, and assessments and complaints. They contribute to the improvement of staff leadership, group cohesion, and motivation.
customer psychology, a subfield of industrial psychology, examines customer behaviour, the quality of goods, commitment to a brand, and how advertisements affect consumer decisions.
5.) Sport Psychology
Sports psychologists support athletes in keeping up their self-care outside of competition by assisting them in keeping up their motivation and stamina while competing.
They provide athletes with guidance to maintain themselves while recuperating from injuries, helping them to keep calm when under pressure, emotional equilibrium, and emotional balance when going through a hard patch.
3). Write any five career opportunities in Psychology
Answer:
As a counsellor, you would assist people who are having adjustment issues in their daily lives, such as those who are married or who are pursuing a profession, by working in schools and other educational settings as a school counsellor.
To work with people who have special needs, such as those who are physically impaired, visually impaired, or mentally challenged, as a special educator.
To concentrate on child development and finding solutions to issues pertaining to children’s emotional wellbeing as a child psychologist.
Working as a clinical psychologist include working in detention homes, hospitals, health clinics, NGO’s, and other organisations.
Being a military psychologist and working in the Army, Navy, or Air Force’s recruitment process.
Also See: Previous Chapter 1 Solution