“An atom or group of atom which carries a positively charge and negatively charge is called ion.”
- Every atoms contain equal number of electrons (negatively charged) and protons ( positively charged) . Both charges balance each other, hence atom is electrically neutral.
Cation (+) :
The ion carries positively charge called cation.
- A cation bears that much unit of positive charge as are the number of electron lost by the neutral atom and form cation.
- For example, Na+ , Mg2+ , Al3+
- All metal elements are cation.
Sodium atom sodium ion
Anion (-) :
The ion Carriesnegatively charge called anion.
- An anion bears that much unit of negative charge as are the number of protongain by the neutral atom and form anion.
- For example Cl – , O 2-
- All non metals form anion except hydrogen.
Chlorine atom 2,8,7 chlorine ion 2,8,8
Mono atomic ion :
Those elements which are formed by single atom called monoatomic ion.
Example : Na+ , Mg2+ etc
Polyatomic ion:
Those elements which are form group of atom joint together are called polyatomic ion.
Example: NH4 + , PO4 3- etc.
Ionic Compound:
The compound which are made up ion ( cation and anion) are held together strong electrostatic force of attraction are called ionic compound.
The force which are attached ion together in ioniccompound are known as ionic bond or electrovalent bond.
Example : NaCl, HCl etc.
Question answer
1) What is ion?
Answer: An atom or group of atom which carries a positively charge and negatively charge is called ion.”
2) Write about Cation?
Answer: The ion carries positively charge called cation.
- A cation bears that much unit of positive charge as are the number of electron lost by the neutral atom and form cation.
- For example, Na+ , Mg2+ , Al3+
- All metal elements are cation.
3) What is ionic compound?
Answer: The compound which are made up ion ( cation and anion) are held together strong electrostatic force of attraction are called ionic compound.
4) Explain about anion?
Answer: The ion Carries negatively charge called anion.
- An anion bears that much unit of negative charge as are the number of proton gain by the neutral atom and form anion.
- For example Cl – , O 2-
- All non metals form anion except hydrogen.
5) What is polyatomic ion?
Answer: Those elements which are form group of atom joint together are called polyatomic ion.
Example: NH4 + , PO4 3- etc.