Assam SCERT Class 8 History and Political Science Chapter 6 The Establishment, Expansion and Consolidation of British Rule in India Question Answer Solutions
Assam SCERT Board Class 8 History and Political Science Chapter 6 The Establishment, Expansion and Consolidation of British Rule in India all Question’s easy Solutions by expert teachers.
Board |
Assam SCERT |
Class |
8 |
Book |
History and Political Science |
Topic |
Question answer |
EXERCISE-
1.) Answer the following questions-
a.) What was the reason of competition between the British and the French?
Ans. The reason of competition between the British and the French was to control the economy of the country. They both wanted to make India their colony and seize the wealth of the country.
b.) Who was the French governor during the time of the first and the second Carnatic Wars?
Ans. The French governor during the time of the first and the second Carnatic Wars was Joseph Francois Dupleix.
c.) Who was the chief commander of Siraj -Ud -Daullah?
Ans The chief commander of Siraj -Ud -Daullah was Mir Jafar.
d.) Who was the first Governor General of Bengal?
Ans. The first Governor General of Bengal was Waren Hastings.
e.) Who introduced the Doctrine of Lapse?
Ans. The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced in 1834 A.D. by Lord Dalhousie.
2.) Choose the correct answer-
a.) Pondicherry was the hub of the British.
Ans. Pondicherry was the hub of the French.
b.) The French made Salabat Jung the nizam of Hyderabad.
Ans. The French made Salabat Jung the new nizam of Hyderabad.
c.) Siraj-Ud Daullah was the son of Alivardi Khan’s eldest daughter.
Ans. Siraj-Ud Daullah was the son of Alivardi Khan’s third daughter.
d.) Plassey was situated near the river Bhagirathi.
Ans. Plassey was situated near the river Bhagirathi,23 miles from Murshidabad.
e.) The regulating Act promoted the Governor of Bengal to Governor General.
Ans. The Regulating Act upgraded the Governor of Bengal to Governor General.
f.) Lord Wellesley had introduced the Doctrine of Lapse.
Ans. Lord Dalhousie had introduced the Doctrine of Lapse.
3.) Arrange in sequence-
Siraj-Ud -Daullah, Mir Jafar. Alivardi Khan, Mir Qasim.
Ans. Alivardi Khan,Siraj-Ud -Daullah,Mir Jafar, Mir Qasim.
4.) Give short answers-
a.) The first Carnatic War
Ans. The French East India Company and the British east India Company had plans to establish their rule in India. The war which was taking place in Austria between French and British had its indirect effect on the relation between these two countries in India. The British attacked the French and tried to move them out from their colonies. In 1745, the British also seized the French ship and attacked the French colonies in Pondicherry. The governor of Pondicherry Joseph Francois Dupleix attacked Madras which was an English colony. The British unable to defeat the French asked for help from the Nawab of Karnataka who sent a huge army but it was defeated in the hands of the French. The ceasefire between the French and the British in Europe also brought a temporary peace agreement between the French and British in India. An agreement was signed and the colonies of British were returned. This was known as the First Carnatic War.
b.) Dupleix- Joseph Francois Dupleix was the Governor of Pondicherry during 1745 A.D. The rivalry between the French and the British was very intense during this period. The war between the French and British in Austria also affected their relation in India. Joseph Francois Dupleix was a very shrewd and far-sighted man and was able to foresee the plans of the British. When the British threatened to attack Pondicherry and seized one of their ships, he successfully defeated the British in-spite of a huge army support from the Nawab of Karnataka. Governor Dupleix also started to actively control the internal affairs of the states like Hyderabad, Karnataka and control the political administration of these state.
c.) The Battle of Plassey- The Battle of Plassey to take place in 1757 at a place called Plassey near the river Bhagirathi which was 23 miles in Murshidabad. Siraj -Ud -Daullah was the Nawab of Bengal after Alivardi Khan. There was family discord against the Nawab and the French and the British both tried to strengthen position in Bengal and tried to build forts in Bengal. The new Nawab was against this and tried stopped both. The British did not accept the Nawab’s order and started to misusing the trade license. The Company started the private trade and supporting Krishna Das who was the son of Dewan Raj Ballabh. All these situations angered Nawab and he attacked the East India Company and defeated the British. Siraj -Ud-Daullah also gave refuge to the French. The British were against this and they started to plot against the Nawab with Mir Jafar and promised to make him. Robert Clive accused Siraj -Ud -Daullah of treason and declared war. The Nawab and his army were defeated because of the treachery of Mir Jafar and Siraj -Ud- Daulah was killed. With the Battle of Plassey, the Battle of Plassey, the British consolidated their position mostly on the entire country.
d.) Regulating Act-The British parliament passed a law called the Regulating Act in order to make the rule of the East India Company more concrete in India. Under the Regulating Act the position of the Governor of Bengal was updated and made Governor General of Bengal. The Regulating Act was endowed with constitutional powers under which all the activities of East India Company were sanctioned by the British parliament. The Regulating Act did not mention any laws which controlled the powers of the Governor General and could not be implemented with success. The Regulating Act initiated the beginning of the British rule in India.
e.) Pitt’s India Act-The Act which was passed after the Regulating Act by the British Parliament was known as Pitt’s India Act. This Act was passed in August 1784 and named after the Prime Minister William Pitt, the younger. Under the Act, a six member Controlling Committee was formed in India to control the activities of the Company and the number of the members of the Governors of Bengal was also reduced from 4 to 3. The regional board was formed to decide the appointment and termination of the officials of the Company. The Pitt’s India Act enhanced the power of the Governor General of Bengal. This Act was founding stone of The British Empire in India.
f.) Permanent Settlement- In order to strengthen the position and control over the economy of the country, the Company introduced a new form of revenue system known as Permanent Settlement. The Permanent Settlement was introduced by the Governor General Lord Cornwallis. Under this system, the farm land was divided into small plots and put under the Zamindars who had to pay a fixed amount as revenue. When the revenue was not paid, the land was taken by the Company. The Permanent Settlement was the reason for the formation of a new class of Zamindars who were loyal to the Britishers.
5.)” The internal discord of Bengal was the main reason for British occupation of Bengal ‘- How true is this statement?
Ans. The internal discord of Bengal was the main reason for British occupation of Bengal. The animosity among the members of the royal family destroyed the rule of the royal family and the control of the East India Company. In 1756 when the Nawab of Bengal Alivardi Khan died, he was succeeded by his grandson Siraj -Ud -Daullah. The eldest daughter of Alivardi Khan, Ghasiti begum, the ruler of Dhaka conspired against the new Nawab along with the Dewan of Bengal Raj Ballabh. The British took this opportunity to consolidate their position in Bengal and slowly took over the reign of the political and economic power of the Bengal.
6.) Which activities of the East India Company had angered Siraj -Ud -Daullah?
Ans. The East India Company started to build fort in Bengal which was not favored by the Nawab of Bengal Siraj -Ud-Daulah, they also started to misuse the trade license given to them by the Nawab, The Company started private trade and took away the revenue without offering the share to the state. British also offered shelter to Krishna Das, son of the Dewan Raj Ballabh. These activities of the East India Company had angered Siraj -Ud -Daullah.
7.) Discuss the actions of the East India Company that reflected their imperialistic designs.
Ans. The actions like passing of various acts like Regulating Act, Pitt’s India Act, Permanent Settlement, Doctrine of Lapse, Subsidiary Alliance reflected the imperialistic designs. The British started to attack and seize the economic and political control of the Nawabs and slowly took over the control of whole nation.
8.) Make a list of kingdoms that Lard Dalhousie has annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse.
Ans. Jhansi, Mandati, Kolaba, Satara, Bhagalpur, Jaitpur, Jhansi, Udaipur, Nagpur etc were annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse.
EXTRA QUESTIONS-
1.) What was the condition of the Mughal empire during the reign of Aurangzeb?
Ans. The Mughal Empire was completely weak and losing its power during the reign of Aurangzeb.
2.) What was Doctrine of Lapse?
Ans. Doctrine of Lapse was used in 1839 A.D. by Lord Dalhousie to annexe the kingdoms which did not have any natural heir. The childless kings were not allowed to adopt an heir without the permission of the British government and the states of the kings went to the Company after their death. Kingdoms of Satara, Jhansi, Udaipur, Nagpur etc were taken by the Doctrine of Lapse.
3.) When did Siraj-Ud-Daulah captured Fort William?
Ans. Siraj-Ud-Daulah captured Fort William in 1756 A.D.
4.) Where did Mir Qasim shift his capital?
Ans. Mir Qasim shifted his capital from Murshidabad to Munger.
5.) When was Battle of Buxar fought?
Ans. Battle of Buxar was fought in 1764.
6.) What were the outcomes of Battle of Buxar?
Ans. The outcomes of battle of Buxar were many and far reaching. The Nawab of Ayodhya, Mir Qasim and the Mughal Emperor was defeated. The British became more powerful. The control of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in the hands of the British became stronger.
7.) Who were the faithful generals of Siraj -Ud-Daullah?
Ans. The faithful generals of Siraj -Ud-Daullah were Mir Madan and Mohanlal.
8.) Who was the governor of Calcutta during the reign of Siraj-Ud-Daullah?
Ans. Governor Drake was the governor of Calcutta during the reign of Siraj-Ud-Daullah.
9.) Who inherited Austria after the death of Charles VI?
Ans. After the death of Charles VI in 1740, his daughter Maria Theresa inherited Austria along with few other regions under her father’s command.
10.) When did Emperor Aurangzeb died?
Ans. Empire Aurangzeb died in 1707 A.D.
Also See: Chapter 5 Mercantilism and Advent of The European Traders to India Question Answer