Assam SCERT Class 8 Geography and Economics Chapter 3 Settlement Question Answer Solutions
Assam SCERT Board Class 8 Geography and Economics Chapter 3 Settlement all Question’s easy Solutions by expert teachers.
Board |
Assam SCERT |
Class |
8 |
Book |
Geography and Economics |
Topic |
Question answer |
Exercise Questions
1.) Fill in the blanks:
a.) Man started to live permanently in the same place with the beginning of agriculture.
b.) On the basis of availability oflandthe villagers enjoy a lot of advantages.
c.) The settlement pattern that develop along a road, railway line or river is called square settlement.
d.) At present, there are 26,395number of villages in Assam.
2.) Choose the correct answer-
a.) Trade and commerce/industry/agriculture is the main occupation in a rural settlement.
Ans. Agriculture
b.) Density of population is less / more /equal in a rural settlement.
c.) About 70/80/60 percent people in India live in the villages.
Ans.70 percent
d.) When a settlement is clustered in some placeit is known as liner/ nuclear/disperse settlement.
Ans.Disperse settlement
3.) Give answer: (in 4 or 5 sentences)
a.) Why do you think man settled down in permanently in a place?
Ans. Man settled down when they started to practice of agriculture. Man started to settle down permanently to plough the land and sowseeds.
b.) Discuss the main characteristics of rural settlement.
Ans. Main characteristics of rural settlement are as follows:
The villages usually develop near the areas which are adjacent to the rivers, lakes, ponds, springs where there is ample of water resources which is required for different household chores like cooking, washing etc and agricultural activities etc. In the areas of wetlands villagers practice fishing.Rivers are used for water transport. The lands are fertile near the rivers which help in agriculture. Rural settlements also found in upland areas as the dampness from the water is required to be avoided, raw materials like bamboo, wood, sand, stones are also available for the construction of settlements.
c.) State how Nucleated settlement develops.
Ans.The areas where the settlements grow near various facilities in a cluster is known as Nucleated settlements. This type of settlements is mostly found in places where there is fertile soil, sufficient water supply, raw materials and proper transport network and the settlements grow in clusters.
d.) Write briefly about the main occupation of people living in an urban settlement.
Ans.The main occupation of people living in an urban settlement are industry, trade and commerce, transport etc. People work in different types of industries, educational institutions, offices etc offering secondary, tertiary and quaternary activities.
e.) Discuss the relation between a rural and an urban settlement.
Ans.The rural and the urban settlements are different in their characteristics but share certain amount of connection between the two settlements. The villages are connected to urban cities through trade and commerce. The villagers transport their agricultural and other raw products and the cities return manufactured items and other services. Different services such as banking, postal service, insurance, education create connection between the rural and the urban settlements. Villagers also provide the labour to the industries and factories and the urban areas provide services and source of income to the villages. With the coming of cellular phone, internet and different media networks villages and urban cities are more connected.
4.) Write short notes on –
a.) Linear settlement – Certain settlements develop along the roads as the transport and communication is available more, this type of settlements is known as Linear settlements. These settlements are formed in a long line, the population is more and the connectivity is developed.
b.) Square pattern settlement –The settlements which grow near the agricultural fields is known as square pattern settlements. This settlement is found in the villages and develop near the crossing of tracks in the villages.
c.) Upland Settlement – The Upland settlements are all those settlements that are found in mostly hilly and mountainous regions. The areas are rocky, cold and rivers are fast flowing. The settlements are dispersed and population is sparse. People of uplands change their plots of lands for cultivation , dry seasons cause scarcity of water and agriculture is less.Areas like Mizoram, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh etc are examples of upland settlements.
5.) Write the differences-
a.) Rural and Urban settlement –
Rural Settlements –The main occupation of the people is agriculture, animal husbandry and collection and utilisation of forest resources, the settlements are lesser than urban areas and dispersed. Transport and communication facilities are less and less variety of jobs available. All trade and commerce are based on agriculture.
Urban Settlements- The main occupation of the people is industries, trade and commerce and various types of services. The settlements are dense and clustered. Mostly tall housing settlements are found in urban areas. Lots of people and vehicles are found in Urban settlements. There is better scope for trade and commerce.
b.) Linear and Nucleated settlement –
Linear settlement – Certain settlements develop along the roads as the transport and communication is available more, this type of settlements is known as Linear settlements. These settlements are formed in a long line, the population is more and the connectivity is developed.
Nucleated Settlements-The areas where the settlements grow near various facilities in a cluster is known as Nucleated settlements. This type of settlements is mostly found in places where there is fertile soil, sufficient water supply, raw materials and proper transport network and the settlements grow in clusters.
c.) Upland and Lowland settlement –
Upland Settlements-Upland Settlement – The Upland settlements are all those settlements that are found in mostly hilly and mountainous regions. The areas are rocky, cold and rivers are fast flowing. The settlements are dispersed and population is sparse. People of uplands change their plots of lands for cultivation, dry seasons cause scarcity of water and agriculture is less. Areas like Mizoram, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh etc are examples of upland settlements.
Lowland Settlements- The lowlands have warm weather, slow flowing rivers and ample of water for agriculture. The plains of the rivers are fertile lands and rich in agriculture and the population is dense. The Brahmaputra Valley is rich in fertile soil and enhances agriculture which is why the population is also dense.
EXTRA QUESTIONS
1.) What do you know about Primary activities?
Ans. The economic activities which include agriculture, mining, animal husbandry, fishery, hunting etc and produce the raw materials for consumption and production of finished products is known as Primary Activity.
2.) Differentiate between Secondary and Tertiary Activity.
Ans. The economic activities which include Household industry, Cottage industry etc is known as Secondary Activity. The secondary activities produce goods and commodities from the resources obtained from the primary activity.
The economic activities that produce services and not goods are known as Tertiary activities. Trade, Transport, Teaching, Banking etc are Tertiary activities. Tertiary activities provide services to the consumers. Tertiary activities mostly take place near settlements.
3.) Define Quarternary Activity.
AnsQuarternary Activity is the activity which includes production of information -based or knowledge- based goods and services. Management, Direction, Research, Entrepreneurship etc. This activity can provide both private and governmental services.
4.) What is a settlement?
Ans. When the nomadic man learnt agriculture and started taming animals they started to live in a permanent place. They built houses near the fields and ploughed the land, sowed seeds and harvested the crops for future use. The houses the early men along their fields came to be known as Settlements.
5.) What is a Sparse settlement?
Ans. In areas like mountainous and hilly regions, there is less availability of resources like land, water etc which results in less dense population settling in one particular area causing Sparse settlements.
6.) Why have urban settlement developed?
Ans. The urban settlements have developed because of the various facilities that have grown around the urban cities. There are more employment opportunities, educational and health infrastructures are more and accessible. The living conditions are better and easier, the transport and communication system are more organised and connects to different parts of the country. People are more attracted towards the urban cities and thus the urban settlements have developed.
7.) What is the estimate of urban settlement of India?
Ans.The estimate of urban settlement of India is the 30 per cent of the whole population lives in the urban cities and towns
8.) What is the pattern of physical features of Assam?
Ans. Assam has unique physical features like hills and mountains, plateaus, plains, river, valleys. chars and different other features. The state consists of various settlements in all the terrains.
9.) What is the rate of urban population of USA, Canada?
Ans.The rate of urban population of USA, Canada is around 70 percent.
10.) What is the main crops grown in Assam?
Ans. The major crops grown in Assam jute, mustard seed, sugarcane, pulses, variety of vegetables. Rice is the major crop of Assam.