32/2/3 2022 Class 10 Social Science Question Paper Solution
Social Science
Section—A
Very Short Answer Questions :
1.) Mention the views of the federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and industries towards Civil Disobedience Movement.
Ans: (i) Indian merchants and industrialists keen on expanding their business, they now reacted against colonial policies that restricted business activities.
(ii) They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods.
(iii) They wanted protection in rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
(iv) They formed the Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and the Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) in 1927.
(v) Prominent industrialists like Purushottam Das, Thakur Das and G. D. Birla participated through this organisation.
(vi) They criticized colonial control over the Indian economy.
(vii) They supported the Civil Disobedience Movement
(viii) They gave financial assistance
(ix) They refused to buy or sell imported goods.
2.) How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced?
Ans: (i) Minimising use of water for processing
(ii) By reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.
(iii) Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements
(iv) Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds
(v) Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases—
(a) Primary treatment by mechanical means. This involves screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation.
(b) Secondary treatment by biological process.
(c) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes. This involves recycling of wastewater.
3.) Classify industries on the basis of source of raw materials.
Ans: (i) Agro-based : Cotton, Woollen, Jute, Silk textile, Rubber and sugar, Tea, Coffee, Edible oil
(ii) Mineral-based : Iron and steel, Cement, Aluminium, Machine tools, Petrochemicals
4.) Differentiate between ruling and opposition parties.
Ans: (i) Political party that wins the election is called the ruling party whereas those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition party.
(ii) Ruling party runs the government whereas opposition party criticises government for its failure or wrong policies.
5.) Read the following and answer the questions that follows :
A House Loan
Megha has taken a loan of ₹ 5 lakhs from the bank to purchase a house. The annual interest rate on the loan is 12 percent and the loan is to be repaid in 10 years in monthly instalments. Megha had to submit to the bank, documents showing her employment records and salary before the bank agreed to give her the loan. The bank retained as collateral the papers of the new house, which will be returned to Megha only when she repays the entire loan with interest.
5.1) From which source of credit Megha has taken loan?
Ans: Formal Sector/ Bank
5.2) Analyse the terms of credit in this case study.
Ans: (i) Documents showing her employment records and salary (ii) Collateral -the papers of the new house
Section—B
Short Answer-Type Questions
6.a) Explain why the banks do not lend credit to certain borrowers.
Ans: (i) Lack of set of documents to get a loan
(ii) People who have not repaid previous loans
(iii) Issue of high risks
(iv) Irregular incomes
(v) Less chances of repayment of the loan
Or
b) Explain the functions of Self-Help Group in the villages.
Ans: (i) SHGs typically have 15–20 members, usually from the same neighbourhood, who meet and save regularly.
(ii) Savings per member varies depending upon the ability of the people to save.
(iii) Members take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs.
(iv) The group charges interest on these loans at lesser rate of interest.
(v) After a year or so, if the group is regular in savings, it becomes eligible for availing loan from the bank.
(vi) Loan is sanctioned in the name of the group to create self-employment opportunities for the members.
(vii) Small loans are provided to the members for releasing mortgaged land, for meeting working capital needs, etc.
(viii) People get timely loans for a variety of purposes and at a reasonable interest rate.
(ix) Most of the important decisions regarding the savings and loan activities are taken by the group members.
(x) The group decides as regards the loans to be granted- the purpose, amount, interest to be charged, etc.
(xi) Group is responsible for the repayment of loan
(xii) In case of non-payment of loan by anyone is followed by other members
(xiii) SHGs are the building blocks of organization of the rural poor.
7.) „Workers too had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of Swaraj.‟ Explain the statement with the example of Assam.
Ans: (i) For plantation workers in Assam, freedom meant the right to move freely.
(ii) Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to leave the tea gardens without permission, and in fact they were rarely given such permission.
(iii) Thousands of workers defied the authorities, left the plantations and headed home.
(iv) They believed that Gandhi Raj was coming and everyone would be given land in their own villages.
(v) Stranded on the way by a railway and steamer strike, they were caught by the police and brutally beaten up.
(vi) They interpreted the term ‘Swaraj’ in their own ways, imagining it to be a time when all suffering and all troubles would be over.
(vii) Tribals chanted Gandhiji’s name and raised slogans demanding ‘Swatantra Bharat’,
(viii) They emotionally related Gandhi ji with an all-India agitation.
8.) Explain how the rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence of representative democracies.
Ans: (i) Large societies need representative democracy.
(ii) As societies became large and complex, they also needed some agency to gather different views on various issues.
(iii) These groups present these views to the government.
(iv) They try to bring various representatives together.
(v) They needed a mechanism to support or restrain the government and to make policies.
(vi) Political parties try to fulfil needs that every representative government has.
SECTION—C
Long Answer-Type Questions
9.) “Dignity and equal treatments of women are necessary ingredients of a democratic society”. Justify the statement. Ans: (viii) Democracy promotes dignity and freedom of the individual.
(ix) Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings.
(x) Long struggles by women have got them respect and equal treatment.
(xi) In many democracies, women were deprived of their right to vote for a long time which they have achieved now.
(xii) Women can now wage a struggle against unacceptable legally and morally.
(xiii) Women would have a legal basis to fight for equality.
(xiv) In democratic country constitution provides provisions for the protection of women’s rights.
Or
Democracy in India has strengthened the claims for equal status and equal opportunity.‟‟ Justify the statement.
Ans: (i) Democracy believes in providing dignity and freedom to the people
(ii) Respect to all irrespective of any discrimination and freedom are the basis of democracy
(iii) Equal treatment of women is necessary ingredient of democratic society.
(iv) Democracy has strengthened the claims for the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunities.
(v) Democratic govt. tries to accommodate social diversity.
(vi) Democracies create a society that is safe and harmonious for its citizen.
(vii) A majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic group respects minority.
(viii) Citizen should have a chance of being in the majority at some point of time.
(ix) No one should be barred on the basis of birth.
(x) Majority has to work hand in hand with the minority.
10.a) ‘‘Technology is the vital force in the modern form of globalization.’’ Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Ans: (i) Technology has been changing rapidly.
(ii) Telecommunication facilities (telegraph, telephone including mobile phones, fax) are used to contact and access information.
(iii) Helps to communicate from remote areas.
(iv) Development of satellite communication devices.
(v) Computers have now entered almost every field of activity.
(vi) One can obtain and share information through Internet.
(vii) Electronic mail (e-mail) and talk (voice-mail) across the world at negligible costs.
(viii) Has played a major role in spreading out production of services across countries.
Or
b) ‘‘The impact of globalization has not been uniform.’’ Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Ans: (i) Globalization has resulted in more choices for the consumers.
(ii) This has improved the standard of living of some people.
(iii) MNCs have increased their investments in some developing countries like India
(iv) New technological developments in industries such as cell-phones, automobiles, electronics, soft drinks, etc.
(v) New jobs have been created in many developing countries.
(vi) Some local companies that supply raw materials to MNCs have also benefited.
(vii) Some local companies in countries like India have been able to invest in newer technology and production methods.
(viii) Globalization has enabled some large companies such as Tata Motors, Infosys to emerge as Multinational Companies.
(ix) Companies providing services have also benefited by globalization.
(x) Flexibility in labour laws has resulted in worsening the condition of workers.
(xi) Globalization has hit the small producers because they are unable to compete with MNCs
(xii) Expansion of unorganized sector.
SECTION—D
( Case-based Question )
11.) Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Nationalism in India
Modern nationalism in Europe came to be associated with the formation of nation-States. It also meant a change in people’s understanding of who they were, and what defined their identity and sense of belonging. New symbols and icons, new songs and ideas forged new links and redefined the boundaries of communities. In most countries the making of this new national identity was a long process in India. How did this consciousness emerge in India? In India and as in many other colonies, the growth of modern nationalism is intimately connected to the anticolonial movement. People began discovering their unity in the process of their struggle with colonialism. The sense of being oppressed under colonialism provided a shared bond that tied many different groups together. But each class and group felt the effects of colonialism differently, their experiences were varied, and their notions of freedom were not always the same. The Congress under Mahatma Gandhi tried to forge these groups together within one movement. But the unity did not emerge without conflict.
11.1) What was people’s understanding of Nation?
Ans: (i) People identified nation on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture and territory.
11.2) How was the growth of modern nationalism intimately connected to the anticolonial movement?
Ans: (i) People began discovering their unity in the process of their struggle with colonialism.
(ii) The sense of being oppressed under colonialism provided a shared bond that tied many different groups together.
11.3) How did people in India develop a sense of collective belonging? Explain.
Ans: (i) Associated with symbols and icons such as image of ‘Bharat Mata’.
(ii) Associated with new songs like ‘Vande Mataram as a hymn to the motherland.
(iii) Forging new links to discover and restore a sense of pride in one’s part.
(iv) Swadeshi movement.
(v) Through a movement to retrieve Indian folklore.
12.) Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Tourism
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, ecotourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism. There is a vast potential for development of tourism in all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to promote different types of tourism for this upcoming industry.
12.1) Explain the importance of Tourism.
Ans: (i) Tourism promotes national integration.
(ii) Helps in development of international understanding about our culture and heritage
(iii) Helps in earning foreign exchange
(iv) Provides employment to people.
12.2) Give any one example of heritage tourism.
Ans: (i) Taj Mahal in Agra.
(ii) Udaipur Fort in Rajasthan
(iii) Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
SECTION—E
(Map Based Question)
13.1) On the given outline political map of India, identify the place marked as A with the help of the following information and write its correct name on the line marked near it :
(A) The place where Indian National Congress Session was held in September 1920—Calcutta/Kolkata
13.2) On the same given map of India, locate the following :
(I) Ramagundam Thermal Plant—Telengana
Or
Pune Software Technology Park—Maharashtra
(II) Chennai (MeenamBakkam) International Airport—Tamil Nadu