32/2/1 2022 Class 10 Social Science Question Paper Solution
Social Science
Section —A
Very Short Answer Question :
1.) Mention any two causes that led to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Ans: (i) This movement was against the Salt Law introduced by British.
(ii) Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation.
(iii) Lord Irwin neglected eleven demands of Gandhi ji.
(iv) Demand to abolish the Salt Tax.
(v) Lahore Session of Congress, 1929.
(vi) Anti-Simon Commission protest and the death of Lala Lajpat Rai.
(vii) Demand of Purna Swaraj or complete independence
2.) How is the chemical industry in India diversified?
Ans: (i) It comprises both large- and small-scale manufacturing units.
(ii) Rapid growth has been recorded in both inorganic and organic sectors.
(iii) Inorganic chemicals include sulphuric acid, nitric acid, soda ash and caustic soda.
(iv) Manufacturing of fertilizers, synthetic fibres, plastics, etc. depends upon inorganic industry.
(v) Glass, soaps and detergents, paper industries are related with soda ash.
(vi) Organic chemicals include petrochemicals used for plastics, dye stuffs and pharmaceuticals.
(vii) Processed chemicals have wide usage.
3.) Differentiate between ruling and opposition parties.
Ans: (i) Political party that wins the election is called the ruling party whereas those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition party.
(ii) Ruling party runs the government whereas opposition party criticises government for its failure or wrong policies.
4.) Classify industries on the basis of source of raw materials.
Ans: (i) Agro-based : Cotton, Woollen, Jute, Silk textile, Rubber and sugar, Tea, Coffee, Edible oil
(ii) Mineral-based : Iron and steel, Cement, Aluminium, Machine tools, Petrochemicals
5.) Read the following and answer the questions that follows :
A House Loan
Megha has taken a loan of ₹ 5 lakhs from the bank to purchase a house. The annual interest rate on the loan is 12 percent and the loan is to be repaid in 10 years in monthly instalments. Megha had to submit to the bank, documents showing her employment records and salary before the bank agreed to give her the loan. The bank retained as collateral the papers of the new house, which will be returned to Megha only when she repays the entire loan with interest.
5.1) From which source of credit Megha has taken loan?
Ans: Formal Sector/ Bank
5.2) Analyse the terms of credit in this case study.
Ans: (i) Documents showing her employment records and salary (ii) Collateral -the papers of the new house
Section—B
Short Answer-Type Questions
6.a) Explain why the banks do not lend credit to certain borrowers.
Ans: (i) Lack of set of documents to get a loan
(ii) People who have not repaid previous loans
(iii) Issue of high risks
(iv) Irregular incomes
(v) Less chances of repayment of the loan
Or
b) Explain the functions of Self-Help Group in the villages.
Ans: (i) SHGs typically have 15–20 members, usually from the same neighbourhood, who meet and save regularly.
(ii) Savings per member varies depending upon the ability of the people to save.
(iii) Members take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs.
(iv) The group charges interest on these loans at lesser rate of interest.
(v) After a year or so, if the group is regular in savings, it becomes eligible for availing loan from the bank.
(vi) Loan is sanctioned in the name of the group to create self-employment opportunities for the members.
(vii) Small loans are provided to the members for releasing mortgaged land, for meeting working capital needs, etc.
(viii) People get timely loans for a variety of purposes and at a reasonable interest rate.
(ix) Most of the important decisions regarding the savings and loan activities are taken by the group members.
(x) The group decides as regards the loans to be granted- the purpose, amount, interest to be charged, etc.
(xi) Group is responsible for the repayment of loan
(xii) In case of non-payment of loan by anyone is followed by other members
(xiii) SHGs are the building blocks of organization of the rural poor.
7.) ‘‘The effects of Non-Cooperation Movement on the economic front were more dramatic.’’ Explain the statement with examples.
Ans: (i) Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed.
(ii) Foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires.
(iii) The import of foreign cloth halved and its value dropped.
(iv) Merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade.
(v) People began discarding imported clothes.
(vi) Production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
8.) Explain how the rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence of representative democracies.
Ans: (i) Large societies need representative democracy.
(ii) As societies became large and complex, they also needed some agency to gather different views on various issues.
(iii) These groups present these views to the government.
(iv) They try to bring various representatives together.
(v) They needed a mechanism to support or restrain the government and to make policies.
(vi) Political parties try to fulfil needs that every representative government has.
SECTION—C
Long Answer-Type Questions
9.a) ‘‘Democracy is attentive to the needs and demands of the people.” Justify the statement.
Ans: (i) Democracy ensures that decision making will be based on norms and procedure.
(ii) Every citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision making.
(iii) Democratic governments are accountable, legitimate and transparent governments.
(iv) People have the right to choose their rulers.
(v) Democracy gives its citizens the right to information about the government.
(vi) A democratic government is the people’s own government and it is run by the people.
(vii) Democracy provides dignity and freedom to its citizens.
(viii) Democracy accommodates social diversity.
Or
b) ‘‘Democracies accommodate social diversities and provide dignity and freedom of the citizens.’’ Justify the statement.
Ans: (i) Democracy promotes dignity and freedom of the individual.
(ii) Every individual wants respect from fellow beings.
(iii) Long struggles by women have got them respect and equal treatment.
(iv) In many democracies, women were deprived of their right to vote for a long time which they have achieved now.
(v) Women can now wage a struggle against what is now unacceptable legally and morally..
(vi) Democracy has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity.
(vii) Constitution provides provisions for the protection of our rights.
10.a) ‘‘Technology is the vital force in the modern form of globalization.’’ Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Ans: (i) Technology has been changing rapidly.
(ii) Telecommunication facilities (telegraph, telephone including mobile phones, fax) are used to contact and access information.
(iii) Helps to communicate from remote areas.
(iv) Development of satellite communication devices.
(v) Computers have now entered almost every field of activity.
(vi) One can obtain and share information through Internet.
(vii) Electronic mail (e-mail) and talk (voice-mail) across the world at negligible costs.
(viii) Has played a major role in spreading out production of services across countries.
Or
b) ‘‘The impact of globalization has not been uniform.’’ Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Ans: (i) Globalization has resulted in more choices for the consumers.
(ii) This has improved the standard of living of some people.
(iii) MNCs have increased their investments in some developing countries like India
(iv) New technological developments in industries such as cell-phones, automobiles, electronics, soft drinks, etc.
(v) New jobs have been created in many developing countries.
(vi) Some local companies that supply raw materials to MNCs have also benefited.
(vii) Some local companies in countries like India have been able to invest in newer technology and production methods.
(viii) Globalization has enabled some large companies such as Tata Motors, Infosys to emerge as Multinational Companies.
(ix) Companies providing services have also benefited by globalization.
(x) Flexibility in labour laws has resulted in worsening the condition of workers.
(xi) Globalization has hit the small producers because they are unable to compete with MNCs
(xii) Expansion of unorganized sector.
SECTION—D
( Case-based Question )
11.) Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Nationalism in India
Modern nationalism in Europe came to be associated with the formation of nation-States. It also meant a change in people’s understanding of who they were, and what defined their identity and sense of belonging. New symbols and icons, new songs and ideas forged new links and redefined the boundaries of communities. In most countries the making of this new national identity was a long process in India. How did this consciousness emerge in India? In India and as in many other colonies, the growth of modern nationalism is intimately connected to the anticolonial movement. People began discovering their unity in the process of their struggle with colonialism. The sense of being oppressed under colonialism provided a shared bond that tied many different groups together. But each class and group felt the effects of colonialism differently, their experiences were varied, and their notions of freedom were not always the same. The Congress under Mahatma Gandhi tried to forge these groups together within one movement. But the unity did not emerge without conflict.
11.1) What was people’s understanding of Nation?
Ans: (i) People identified nation on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture and territory.
11.2) How was the growth of modern nationalism intimately connected to the anticolonial movement?
Ans: (i) People began discovering their unity in the process of their struggle with colonialism.
(ii) The sense of being oppressed under colonialism provided a shared bond that tied many different groups together.
11.3) How did people in India develop a sense of collective belonging? Explain.
Ans: (i) Associated with symbols and icons such as image of ‘Bharat Mata’.
(ii) Associated with new songs like ‘Vande Mataram as a hymn to the motherland.
(iii) Forging new links to discover and restore a sense of pride in one’s part.
(iv) Swadeshi movement.
(v) Through a movement to retrieve Indian folklore.
12.) Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Tourism
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, ecotourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism. There is a vast potential for development of tourism in all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to promote different types of tourism for this upcoming industry.
12.1) Explain the importance of Tourism.
Ans: (i) Tourism promotes national integration.
(ii) Helps in development of international understanding about our culture and heritage
(iii) Helps in earning foreign exchange
(iv) Provides employment to people.
12.2) Give any one example of heritage tourism.
Ans: (i) Taj Mahal in Agra.
(ii) Udaipur Fort in Rajasthan
(iii) Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
SECTION—E
(Map Based Question)
13.1) On the given outline political map of India, identify the place marked as A with the help of the following information and write its correct name on the line marked near it :
(A) The place where Indian National Congress Session was held in September 1920—Calcutta/Kolkata
13.2) On the same given map of India, locate the following :
(I) Ramagundam Thermal Plant—Telengana
Or
Pune Software Technology Park—Maharashtra
(II) Chennai (MeenamBakkam) International Airport—Tamil Nadu